One-Dimensional Man is a critique of modern Western capitalism or “advanced industrial society,” with a focus on the United States. Marcuse argues that this society enables a supposedly high standard of living and comfort that is simultaneously “enslaving” because it also only cultivates “one-dimensional” thinking and living that refuses critical thinking. Without critical thinking, the enslaved are unable to realize that they are, in fact, enslaved, and are therefore unable to even begin to rebel.